Comprehensive Guide to IUPAC Nomenclature Rules for Organic Compounds: Systematic Naming and Structure.

1. Name the process in which the simple molecules of nutrients break down to derive the energy to perform various activities is

1) digestion 2) respiration

3) circulation 4) excretion 

2. Assertion (A): Mechanism of breathing vary among different groups of animals.

Reason (R): Habitats and levels of organization are different among different groups of animals. 

1) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

2) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A

3) A is true but R is false

4) A is false but R is true

3. Match the following and choose the correct option.

Column – I(Organisms)   Column – II (Respiratory structures)

A) Coelenterates         i) Tracheal tubes

B) Annelids                 ii) Body surface

C) Insects                    iii) Gills

D) Aquatic arthropods iv) Moist cuticle

1) A - iv, B - ii, C - iii, D - iv

2) A - i, B - iv, C - ii, D - iii

3) A - iv, B - iii, C - ii, D - i

4) A - ii, B - iv, C - i, D - iii

4. Arrange the following structures in correct sequence based on the direction of the passage of inhaled air in humans

A. Pharynx B. Larynx

C. Trachea D. External nostrils

E. Nasal passage F. Nasal chambers

1) E → D → F → A → B → C

2) D → E → F → A → B → C

3) D → E → F → B → A → C

4) D → E → F → A → C → B

5. In humans, trachea is divided into two primary bronchi at the level of

1) 5th cervical vertebra

2) 6th cervical vertebra

3) 5th thoracic vertebra

4) 6th thoracic vertebra

6. In humans which of the following is considered as common passage for food and air?

1) Pharynx 2) Larynx

3) Trachea 4) Bronchus

7. Which of the following sets of organisms do not possess same type of respiratory organs?

1) Sponges and coelenterates

2) Aquatic arthropods and fishes

3) Reptiles and aves

4) Earthworms and insects

8. Statement-I: Branching network of bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli comprise the lungs. Statement-II: We have two lungs covered by a single layered pleura.

1) Both Statements I and II are correct

2) Statement I is correct, Statement II is incorrect

3) Statement I is incorrect, statement II is correct

4) Both statements I and II are incorrect

9. Select the incorrect statement/s w.r.t respiratory system of humans.

i) Terminal bronchioles are supported by cartilaginous rings

ii) Outer pleural membrane is in close contact with the lung surface

iii) Conducting part humidifies the atmospheric air

iv) Exchange part is the site of actual diffusion of O2 and CO2 between blood and atmospheric air

1) i

2) i and ii

3) iii and iv

4) i, ii, iii and iv

10. Match the following and choose the correct option.

Column - I Column – II (Animals) (Type of respiration)

A) Fishes           i) Cutaneous respiration

B) Amphibians  ii) Pulmonary respiration

C) Mammals      iii) Branchial respiration

1) A - ii, B - iii, C - i

2) A - ii, B - i, C - iii

3) A - iii, B - i, C - ii

4) A - ii, B - i, C - iii

11. Identify the correct sequence of steps involved in respiration w.r.t humans.

A. Diffusion of O2 and CO2 between blood and tissues

B. Diffusion of gases (O2 and CO2) between blood and atmospheric air

C. Transport of gases by the blood

D. Utilization of O2 by cells for catabolic reactions

1) B → C → A → D

2) C → B → A → D

3) D → B → A → C

4) B → A → C → D

12. Total lung capacity - residual volume = ?

1) vital capacity

2) functional residual capacity

3) expiratory capacity

4) inspiratory capacity

13. Assertion (A): Movement of gases takes place between atmosphere and blood.

Reason (R): Pressure gradient for gases is created by the muscles of thoracic chamber.

1) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

2) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A

3) A is true but R is false

4) A is false but R is true

14. Negative pressure in lungs of humans is created by

1) contraction of diaphragm

2) relaxation of diaphragm

3) contraction of external inter-costal muscles

4) both 1 and 3

15. Expiration is carried by

1) contraction of diaphragm and external inter costal muscles

2) relaxation of diaphragm and external inter costal muscles

3) contraction of diaphragm and internal inter costal muscles

4) relaxation of diaphragm and internal inter costal muscles

16. Increase in the volume of thoracic chamber in antero-posterior axis is caused by

1) contraction of diaphragm

2) contraction of external inter-costal muscles

3) contraction of internal inter-costal muscles

4) relaxation of diaphragm

17. Humans have ability to increase the strength of inspiration and expiration mainly with the help of

1) muscles of diaphragm

2) muscles of external inter-costal muscles

3) additional muscles of abdomen

4) both 1 and 2

18. Additional volume of air a person can inspire by a forcible inspiration is called

1) tidal volume

2) expiratory reserve volume

3) inspiratory reserve volume

4) residual volume

19. Volume of air remaining in the lungs even after a forcible expiration is called

1) functional residual capacity

2) residual volume

3) tidal volume

4) vital capacity

20. Functional residual capacity ‒ residual volume

= ?

1) inspiratory reserve volume

2) expiratory reserve volume

3) tidal volume

4) expiratory capacity

21. Lower side of thoracic chamber in human is formed by .

1) sternum

2) ribs

3) vertebral column

4) dome-shaped diaphragm

22. Statement-I: Any change in the volume of the thoracic cavity of humans will be reflected in the pulmonary cavity.

Statement-II: The lungs of humans are situated in the thoracic chamber which is anatomically an air – tight chamber.

1) Both Statements I and II are correct

2) Statement I is correct, Statement II is incorrect

3) Statement I is incorrect, statement II is correct

4) Both statements I and II are incorrect

23. The following diagram indicates

1) increased volume of thorax

2) contracted diaphragm

3) inspiration

4) all the above

24. Diffusion of respiratory gases at the sites, based on the factors like

1) pressure gradient

2) solubility of gases

3) thickness of the membranes

4) all the above

25. pO2 in atmospheric air and alveoli respectively are (in mm Hg).

1) 104 and 159 2) 159 and 104

3) 104 and 40 4) 104 and 95

26. Number of simple squamous epithelia present in diffusion membrane in humans is

1) 1  2) 2

3) 3  4) 4

27. The factors that are favourable for the formation of oxyhaemoglobin are

1) high pO2, low pCO2, high H+ concentration and lower temperature

2) high pO2, high pCO2, lesser H+ concentration and lower temperature

3) high pO2, low pCO2, lesser H+ concentration and lower temperature

4) low pO2, high pCO2, high H+ concentration and higher temperature

28. Assertion (A): The amount of CO2 that can diffuse through the diffusion membrane per unit difference in partial pressure is much higher than O2.

Reason (R): Solubility CO2 is 20 – 25 times higher than that of O2.

1) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

2) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A

3) A is true but R is false

4) A is false but R is true

29. Binding of oxygen with haemoglobin is primarily related to

1) partial pressure of CO2

2) partial pressure of O2

3) concentration of H+

4) temperature

30. Amount of O2 delivered by 500 ml of oxygenated blood to the tissues is .

1) 5 ml 2) 10 ml

3) 50 ml 4) 25 ml